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Chapter 11: Summarizing verse

Introduction to the chapter: Part 2

The teachings on Chapter 11 of Aryadeva’s Four Hundred Stanzas on the Middle Way refute truly existent functional phenomena by refuting truly existent time.

  • Looking at the summary verse to understand the point of the chapter
  • How future, present, and past relate to each other as cause and result
  • How the continuity of time, objects, and persons are established
  • Is there something substantial that continues from one moment to the next?

61 Aryadeva’s 400 Stanzas: Introduction, part 2 (download)

Venerable Thubten Chodron

Venerable Chodron emphasizes the practical application of Buddha’s teachings in our daily lives and is especially skilled at explaining them in ways easily understood and practiced by Westerners. She is well known for her warm, humorous, and lucid teachings. She was ordained as a Buddhist nun in 1977 by Kyabje Ling Rinpoche in Dharamsala, India, and in 1986 she received bhikshuni (full) ordination in Taiwan. Read her full bio.