Four aspects of true duhkha
04 Samsara, Nirvana, and Buddha Nature
Venerable Thubten Chodron 
Volume 3 Samsara, Nirvana, and Buddha Nature 
Sep 12, 2026 An online talk hosted by Vajrayana Institute and Kunsang Yeshe Retreat Center
- 16 attributes of the Four Truths of Aryas
- The importance of understanding these
- Reading from volume 3 Samsara, Nirvana, and Buddha Nature, page 19
- Four wrong conceptions about true duhkha
- Four attributes of true duhkha
- How causality works
- The shock of experiencing impermanence
- Three types of duhkha
- Emptiness of a permanent, unitary, and independent self
- Selflessness that is the lack of a self-sufficient, substantially existent person
- The prasangika view of the lack of inherent existence
- Overcoming our wrong conceptions
Venerable Thubten Chodron
Venerable Chodron emphasizes the practical application of Buddha’s teachings in our daily lives and is especially skilled at explaining them in ways easily understood and practiced by Westerners. She is well known for her warm, humorous, and lucid teachings. She was ordained as a Buddhist nun in 1977 by Kyabje Ling Rinpoche in Dharamsala, India, and in 1986 she received bhikshuni (full) ordination in Taiwan. Read her full bio.
